Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.
The BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.
The initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.
Later campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.
Summing over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: "By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count." Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.
The information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.
The current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.
BARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.
BARREL Data Usage Policy
BARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.
The BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.
An online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.
Version:2.4.0
Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.
The BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.
The initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.
Later campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.
Summing over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: "By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count." Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.
The information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.
The current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.
BARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.
BARREL Data Usage Policy
BARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.
The BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.
An online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.
| Role | Person | StartDate | StopDate | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | PrincipalInvestigator | spase://SMWG/Person/Robyn.Millan | |||
| 2. | CoPI | spase://SMWG/Person/Leslie.Anita.Woodger | |||
| 3. | CoPI | spase://SMWG/Person/Michael.P.McCarthy | |||
| 4. | CoPI | spase://SMWG/Person/John.G.Sample | |||
| 5. | CoPI | spase://SMWG/Person/David.M.Smith | |||
| 6. | TechnicalContact | spase://SMWG/Person/Warren.Z.Rexroad | |||
| 7. | MetadataContact | spase://SMWG/Person/Robert.M.Candey | |||
| 8. | MetadataContact | spase://SMWG/Person/Lee.Frost.Bargatze |
The Balloon Array for Radiation Belt Relativistic Electron Losses, BARREL, Mission official website with embedded links to mission overview, data, news & events, and publications. Hosted by Dartmouth College
Balloon Array for Radiation Belt Relativistic Electron Losses, BARREL, Space Science Reviews overview publication: Millan, R.M., McCarthy, M.P., Sample, J.G., Smith, D.M., Thompson, L.D., McGaw, D.G., Woodger, L.A., Hewitt, J.G., Comess, M.D., Yando, K.B., Liang, A.X., Anderson, B.A., Knezek, N.R., Rexroad, W.Z., Scheiman, J.M., Bowers, G.S., Halford, A.J., Collier, A.B., Clilverd, M.A., Lin, R.P., and M.K. Hudson, The Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL). Space Sci. Rev., 179, 503-530 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z
BARREL Mission Data Usage Policy PDF
Annotated BARREL campaign information with balloon release locations along with dates and times of balloon launch and termination of data acquisition. Text file provided by Warren Rexroad
The A.J. Halford BARREL Mission overview website covering the years from 2013 to 2016. The site hosts a list of BARREL related publications, an informative BARREL slideshow, and a youtube video that expounds on the BARREL balloon campaign strategy and goals.
The BARREL Mission status update blog entitled: BARREL - Radiation Belt Science with Balloons. This blog offers offers status reports and links to frequently asked questions, FAQ, page as well as links to two other blogs: the BARREL Dedicated Science Blog and the KeV Blog that list also balloon status reports. All of these blogs document events that occurred during BARREL balloon launch campaigns that took place from late 2012 until the summer of 2016.
The NASA Balloon Array for Radiation Belt Relativistic Electron Losses, BARREL, Mission website with links to a BARREL Mission Overview as well as mission related images, videos, and BARREL related NASA news releases amd media resources.
The International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, website lists information on how to use the IRBEM fortran library, which was formerly known as the ONERA-DESP library. IRBEM software package can be used to compute magnetic coordinates for any location within the terrestrial magnetic field, to calculate the locus of points defining drift shells, to perform coordinate and time format transformations, to evaluate geophysics/space-physics models, and to propagate orbits in time. All of this functionality can be performed by using various external magnetic field models.
The COSPAR Pannel on Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, PRBEM, International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, GitHub Website. The site provide access to all components of the IRBEM Library and it is freely distributed under the umbrella of the PRBEM COSPAR panel.
Access to Data in CDF Format via ftps from SPDF
Access to Data in CDF Format via https from SPDF
Access to ASCII, CDF, and Plots via NASA/GSFC CDAWeb
Epoch, Default Time
Epoch Time Error, the Difference between calculated Epoch Timestamp and a simple linear model of the time series
Data Processing Unit, DPU, Frame Counter
Data Quality Flag, a flag value equal to 0 denotes no issues
Global Positioning System, GPS, Latitude, degrees North
Global Positioning System, GPS, Longitude, degrees East
Global Positioning System, GPS, Altitude
Magnetic Local Time, MLT, for Kp=2 in hours using Tsyganenko 89C, T89C
Magnetic Local Time, MLT, for Kp=6 in hours using Tsyganenko 89C, T89C
Balloon L-Shell Location for Kp=2 using Tsyganenko 89C, T89C
Balloon L-Shell Location for Kp=6 using Tsyganenko 89C, T89C